Science

Why every rainbow is part of a circle

The arch we see from the ground is a slice of a ring centred on the direction opposite the Sun.

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A complete circular rainbow above clouds, viewed from a high vantage point with a small observer below it.

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Two illustrated apple halves side by side, one freshly pale and the other lightly browned after exposure to air.
Food

Why a cut apple turns brown

A knife brings separated ingredients together and gives oxygen access to a reaction already waiting inside the fruit.

5 min read